No. This claim was made by a Polish folk anthropologist Sula Benet in 1936 based on the superficial resemblance of the Hebrew term qaneh bosom (aromatic cane, sugar cane) to the Ancient Greek word for hemp κάνναβις (kánnabis). Neither of which terms meant cannabis. Benet was not a qualified linguist or Hebraist and her claim has been thoroughly investigated and rejected by Hebraists – although the actual claim based on superficial resemblance between later meanings of two words in different language families has enormous visual appeal to people with no knowledge of either language.
There is a second more realistic question which can also be asked – and that is were the writers of the Bible at any point aware of cannabis, marijuana as a drug?
Again the answer surprisingly appears to be No. The Bible while recognising alcoholic wine as a legitimate drink (1 Timothy 5:23), is repeatedly full of warnings against drunkenness. Under such circumstances common sense indicates that if mind-altering and addictive drugs such as marijuana were available in Bible times as freely as today the Bible would be full of warnings and prohibitions.
The burning of hemp seeds on altars is documented. But only in pagan context [1]. The religious purpose of the presumed Judahite shrine at Tel Arad is not fully known, and being outside Jerusalem could have been either to idols or related to syncretic worship, such as of the golden calf or similar. But even here the evidence is only of altar incense [2].
[2] SCIENCE ADVANCES The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs 12 Jun 2019 Vol 5, Issue 6 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391
From Abstract “The practice of smoking or inhaling cannabis fumes in ritual and recreational activities was documented in Herodotus’ fifth-century BCE The Histories (13) and was supported by the discovery of carbonized hemp seeds in burials from a handful of sites in Eurasia (1, 14, 15)”
Abstract : Two limestone monoliths, interpreted as altars, were found in the Judahite shrine at Tel Arad. Unidentified dark material preserved on their upper surfaces was submitted for organic residue analysis at two unrelated laboratories that used similar established extraction methods. On the smaller altar, residues of cannabinoids such as Δ9-teterahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN) were detected, along with an assortment of terpenes and terpenoids, suggesting that cannabis inflorescences had been burnt on it. Organic residues attributed to animal dung were also found, suggesting that the cannabis resin had been mixed with dung to enable mild heating. The larger altar contained an assemblage of indicative triterpenes such as boswellic acid and norursatriene, which derives from frankincense. The additional presence of animal fat―in related compounds such as testosterone, androstene and cholesterol―suggests that resin was mixed with it to facilitate evaporation. These well-preserved residues shed new light on the use of 8th century Arad altars and on incense offerings in Judah during the Iron Age.
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